When we activate the SWEP
The protocol is activated during severe weather, or when severe weather is predicted, which is defined as:
Cold Extreme cold can cause serious health problems and death for those who are exposed overnight or for long periods of time. Historically, SWEP provision was triggered when the forecast was zero degrees or below for three days. It is now best practice to take a common-sense approach, where any forecast approaching zero is considered. The impact of rain, snow and wind chill are also considered, and the ‘feels like’ temperature is checked, along with conditions underfoot (e.g., ice).
Wind High winds can lead to an increased risk of injury through uprooted trees, falling walls, dislodged pieces of roofing and other debris. This is a particular issue for rural areas where people are, for example, sleeping in tents.
Rain Heavy or sudden prolonged rain can lead to flooding and landslides. People sleeping under bridges, on riverbanks, streams or canals may be particularly at risk, but there may be less obvious flood risks, for example drains or gullies. Standing water, puddles and flooding may continue to be a risk after rainfall has stopped. As well as increased risk of drowning, being stuck in the rain and unable to change out of wet clothes/shoes can lead to a range of health problems, including trench-foot. There is also an increased risk of loss or damage to belongings such as identification documents.
Heatwaves Climate change means that we can now expect more instances of dangerous hot weather. People experiencing homelessness face some of the worst health outcomes and in periods of extreme heat, are at higher risk of developing heat-related illnesses. People sleeping rough may find it difficult to source drinking water and sun protection, increasing risks around dehydration, sunburn, and sunstroke. Needs are likely be more urgent during daylight hours, so a different approach to SWEP may be appropriate e.g., free water and sunscreen, cool daytime spaces, and links to healthcare.